Inmate Finances: Managing Money Behind Bars

The financial lives of incarcerated individuals are complex and often overlooked. While stripped of many freedoms, inmates still require money for basic necessities and maintaining connections with the outside world. This financial ecosystem operates largely within the confines of the correctional facility and is governed by institutional rules.

A primary source of funds for inmates is often their commissary accounts. These accounts function like debit cards, allowing inmates to purchase items such as toiletries, snacks, over-the-counter medications, stationery, and entertainment items like radios or MP3 players. Funds can be deposited into these accounts by family and friends through various means, including money orders, online transfers, or direct deposits. Some inmates also receive funds from work assignments within the prison.

The availability and cost of commissary items vary significantly across institutions. Prices are often higher than in the outside world, and access to certain goods can be restricted based on behavior or security concerns. This can create a financial strain, particularly for inmates with limited support from family or those serving lengthy sentences.

Inmate wages are typically very low, often ranging from a few cents to a few dollars per hour. Work assignments can include laundry services, kitchen duties, janitorial work, or participation in prison industries. While these jobs offer a small income, they also provide a sense of purpose and structure, which can be beneficial for mental well-being and rehabilitation. However, the meager earnings rarely provide sufficient funds for significant savings or supporting dependents on the outside.

Financial transactions within the prison system are heavily regulated. Trading, bartering, and gambling are generally prohibited, although they may still occur informally. The use of cash is typically forbidden, and all transactions must be conducted through the commissary account system. This helps to maintain control and prevent illicit activities, such as drug trafficking or extortion.

Beyond commissary purchases, inmates may need funds for other expenses. Court costs, restitution payments, and legal fees can place a significant financial burden on inmates and their families. Additionally, communication with loved ones often incurs expenses. Phone calls from prison are notoriously expensive, and while email or video visitation may be available, they typically come with usage fees.

Upon release, inmates often face significant financial challenges. Re-entry programs sometimes offer assistance with obtaining identification, finding housing, and securing employment. However, many former inmates struggle to find stable income and housing, which can increase the risk of recidivism. Having some savings upon release, even a modest amount, can make a significant difference in their ability to successfully reintegrate into society. Financial literacy programs within correctional facilities can help inmates develop budgeting skills and prepare for the financial realities of life after incarceration.